2017年度热词汇总：时政类
十九大开完了，也是到了总结本年度词汇的时候，方便同学的考研准备。今天汇总的时政类的词汇，而更多有关十九大的内容，可以结合翻吧君之前汇总的词汇，在此就不具体列出了。
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习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想：Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era
The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China(CPC) approved an amendment to the Party Constitution which enshrines Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era.
中国共产党第十九次全国代表大会通过了关于《中国共产党章程（修正案）》的决议，将习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想写入党章。
新时代：new era
经过长期努力，中国特色社会主义进入了新时代，这是我国发展新的历史方位。
With decades of hard work, socialism with Chinese characteristics has crossed the threshold into a new era. This is a new historic juncture in China's development.
社会主要矛盾转变：principal contradiction facing Chinese society evolved
中国特色社会主义进入新时代，我国社会主要矛盾已经转化为人民日益增长的美好生活需要和不平衡不充分的发展之间的矛盾。
As socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, the principal contradiction facing Chinese society has evolved. What we now face is the contradiction between unbalanced and inadequate development and the people's ever-growing needs for a better life.
新目标：new goals
综合分析国际国内形势和我国发展条件，从二〇二〇年到本世纪中叶可以分两个阶段来安排。
Based on a comprehensive analysis of the international and domestic environments and the conditions for China's development, we have drawn up a two-stage development plan for the period from 2020 to the middle of this century.
第一个阶段，从二〇二〇年到二〇三五年，在全面建成小康社会的基础上，再奋斗十五年，基本实现社会主义现代化。
In the first stage from 2020 to 2035, we will build on the foundation created by the moderately prosperous society with a further 15 years of hard work to see that socialist modernization is basically realized.
第二个阶段，从二〇三五年到本世纪中叶，在基本实现现代化的基础上，再奋斗十五年，把我国建成富强民主文明和谐美丽的社会主义现代化强国。
In the second stage from 2035 to the middle of the 21st century, we will, building on having basically achieved modernization, work hard for a further 15 years and develop China into a great modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, harmonious, and beautiful.
建设现代化经济体系：develop a modernized economy
建设现代化经济体系，必须把发展经济的着力点放在实体经济上，把提高供给体系质量作为主攻方向，显著增强我国经济质量优势。
In developing a modernized economy, we must focus on the real economy, give priority to improving the quality of the supply system, and enhance our economy’s strength in terms of quality.
中国共产党第十九次全国代表大会：The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC)
The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) opened Wednesday at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing. Xi Jinping delivered a report titled "Secure a decisive victory in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and strive for the great success of socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era."
10月18日，中国共产党第十九次全国代表大会在北京人民大会堂开幕。习近平向大会作了题为《决胜全面建成小康社会 夺取新时代中国特色社会主义伟大胜利》的报告。
基层党代表：grassroots delegate
The Communist Party of China (CPC) is set to hold its 19th National Congress this month. The five-yearly political event will feature more grassroots delegates.
中国共产党第十九次全国代表大会将于本月召开，更多基层代表将参加这桩五年一度的政治大事。
党代表通道：delegate’s passage
Domestic and overseas reporters will have a chance to interview delegates to the upcoming 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) as a special "delegates' passage" will be set up for the first time at the Great Hall of the People - the venue of the congress - to increase transparency.
中国共产党第十九次全国代表大会即将召开。为提高大会透明度，人民大会堂将首次特别开设"党代表通道"，境内外记者将有机会采访十九大代表。
"一带一路"国际合作高峰论坛：the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation
Foreign Ministry spokesman Geng Shuang announced Thursday that 29 foreign heads of state and government leaders will attend the upcoming Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation.
外交部发言人耿爽11日宣布，29位外国元首、政府首脑将出席即将举行的"一带一路"国际合作高峰论坛。
丝路精神：the Silk Road spirit
President Xi Jinping described the Silk Road spirit as "a great heritage of human civilization," with peace and cooperation, openness and inclusiveness, mutual learning and mutual benefit at its core.
国家主席习近平称丝路精神是"人类文明的伟大遗产"，其核心是和平合作、开放包容、互学互鉴、互利共赢。
共商国是：hold discussions concerning national policies and principles
President Xi Jinping, also general secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and chairman of the Central Military Commission, joins a panel discussion concerning national policies and principles
with political advisors from the China Association for Promoting Democracy, the Chinese Peasants and Workers Democratic Party and the Jiu San Society at the fifth session of the 12th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) in Beijing on Saturday.
3月4日，中共中央总书记、国家主席、中央军委主席习近平参加了全国政协十二届五次会议的民进、农工党、九三学社政协委员联组会，共商国是。
质量认证体系：quality certification system
The State Council, China's cabinet, said Wednesday that it will strengthen quality certification to help create a fair market environment and raise the quality of Chinese-made products.
国务院9月6日表示，要加强质量认证，营造公平的市场环境，提高中国制造品质。
现代医院管理制度：modern hospital management system
China should establish a "modern hospital management system" that adheres to putting people's health at the center and adheres to the nonprofit nature of public hospitals and putting the public's interest as a priority.
我国应建立一个以人民健康为中心、坚持公立医院的公益性、把社会效益放在首位的现代医院管理制度。
国家公园：national parks
China released on Tuesday an overall plan on the development and management of national parks, which calls for the strictest measures to protect the country's natural beauty and pass it on to generations to come.
9月26日，我国发布国家公园发展及管理总体方案，要求对自然生态进行最严格的保护，并世代传承下去。
地理国情普查：national geoinformation survey
China boasts a total of 7.56 million square kilometers of vegetation cover, while buildings cover 153,000 square kilometers of land, the State Council Information Office unveiled at a press briefing on Monday. The numbers are part of the 770-terabyte results of China's first national geoinformation survey, which collects basic information about the country's natural resources, such as their location, range and area.
国务院信息办公室24日在新闻发布会上表示，全国植被覆盖面积为756万平方公里，房屋建筑占地15.3万平方公里。这些数字是我国首次地理国情普查总计770TB的数据结果的一部分，此次普查收集了我国自然资源的位置、范围、面积等基本信息。
北京城市总体规划：the Beijing Urban Master Plan
By 2020, the size of resident population in Beijing should be under 23 million and kept at this level thereafter, according to the Beijing Urban Master Plan (2016-35) issued by the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and the State Council on Wednesday
根据中共中央、国务院9月27日发布的《北京城市总体规划（2016-35）》，到2020年，北京市常住人口规模控制在2300万以内，2020年以后将长期稳定在这一水平。
中华人民共和国国歌法：China's National Anthem Law
China's National Anthem Law has been approved by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, on Friday, and will take effect from Oct 1. The law aims to uphold the respect of people to the national anthem, as well as to regulate ways people sing or play the song.
9月1日，全国人大常委会表决通过《中华人民共和国国歌法》。该法将于10月1日起施行，旨在维护国歌的尊严，规范奏唱国歌的礼仪规范。
民法通则：general provisions of civil law
National lawmakers on Wednesday started to deliberate draft general provisions of civil law, which, if adopted, will bring the country one step closer to a long-absent civil code.
全国人大代表8日开始审议民法总则草案，该草案如果通过，我国将离长期缺席的民法典又近了一步。
国家网络安全事件应急预案：response plan for internet security incidents
China released Tuesday an emergency response plan for internet security incidents.
我国于6月27日发布了网络安全事件应急预案。
职务犯罪：work-related crime/duty crime
A total of 30,538 Chinese officials were investigated for work-related crimes in the first half of 2017, according to a seminar for chief procurators on Wednesday.
12日，全国大检察官研讨班会议表示，今年上半年，全国立案侦查职务犯罪人数达30538人。
强化督查：strict inspection
In the largest national-level inspection on record, more than two dozen cities in North China will face a strict one-year inspection over air pollution prevention and control, the Ministry of Environmental Protection announced Wednesday.
环保部5日宣布，华北地区20余城将接受为期一年的大气污染防治强化督查，这是有史以来国家层面的最大规模环保督查行动。
国家赔偿：state compensation
China's top court issued a set of new rules on handling appeals to state compensation decisions on Thursday.
我国最高人民法院20日发布了关于审理国家赔偿决定上诉案件的若干新规。
保护司法人员履行职责机制：mechanism to protect judges and their associates in fulfilling their legal duties
The Supreme People's Court on Tuesday published a document on improving the mechanism to protect judges and their associates in fulfilling their legal duties. It stipulates that when handling cases, judges should not be subject to interference from other government organs, social organizations or individuals.
最高人民法院7日发文，落实保障司法人员依法履行职责的机制。文件强调，法官办案时不受行政机关、社会团体和个人的干涉。
反腐巡视：anti-graft inspections
China will send anti-corruption inspectors to centrally-administrated universities, discipline authority of the Communist Party of China (CPC) announced Wednesday. The anti-graft inspections will scrutinize Party committees of 29 universities.
中央纪委22日宣布，将向中管高校派出反腐巡视组。本轮反腐巡视将对29所高校党委进行详查。
行政拘留执行年龄：the minimum age for administrative detention
A new draft law that would change the minimum age for administrative detention from 16 to 14 has been met with both concerns of overcorrection and voices of support, albeit cautious.
一项拟将行政拘留执行年龄从16周岁将至14周岁的法律草案面临过度惩罚的担忧，同时也有谨慎的支持之声。
失信被执行人：deadbeat/debtor/people legally in debt
失信被执行人名单：defaulters list
The State Administration of Taxation (SAT) will monitor Chinese citizens' offshore accounts information in 101 countries and regions following the implementation of the localized Common Reporting Standard (CRS) this year..
今年，我国的共同申报准则（CRS）办法开始实施以后，国税总局将掌握我国公民在101个国家和地区的境外账户信息。
个人信用记录：personal credit record
The establishment of personal credit records will boom in China in 2017, with people from 14 kinds of important occupations being targeted, said Lian Weiliang, deputy director of the National Development and Reform Commission.
国家发改委副主任连维良近日表示，2017年我国将掀起个人信用记录建设高潮，14类重点职业人员将成为建设的目标人群。
生态红线:ecological red line：red line for ecological protection
China has issued a guideline calling for an "ecological red line" around areas where development is prohibited, with the nationwide initiative expected to be completed by 2020, the central government said in a statement on Tuesday.
根据中央政府7日发布的声明，我国已发布一份意见，要求在禁止开发区域附近划定"生态红线"，这项国家倡议预计将于2020年前完成。
终身责任制： lifelong accountability system
China will carry out a lifelong accountability system for polluters to arrest worsening soil pollution.
为遏制土壤污染进一步恶化，我国将对污染者实行终身责任制。
环保警察队伍：environmental police force
Beijing will strengthen environmental protection in 2017 by organizing an environmental police force to step up supervision and accountability in its 16 districts, acting mayor Cai Qi said Saturday.
北京市代市长蔡奇表示，2017年北京市将组建环保警察队伍加强环境保护，在北京市16个区强化环保监督和责任。
易地扶贫搬迁：to relocate villagers from impoverished areas to newly built residences
Xi recognized the local government's efforts to relocate villagers from impoverished areas to newly built residences. He urged local authorities to take more measures to help poor people improve living conditions and raise their incomes.
习近平了解当地政府易地扶贫搬迁工作。他要求当地的官员采取更多的措施，帮助贫困群众改善生活，提高收入。
中国的亚太安全合作政策：China's Policies on Asia-Pacific Security Cooperation
China on Wednesday issued a white paper on "China's Policies on Asia-Pacific Security Cooperation," which also clarified the nation's stance on issues of regional concern.
中国政府1月11日发表《中国的亚太安全合作政策》白皮书，阐述了中国在地区热点问题上的立场。
海外保障基地：overseas logistical base
China's first overseas logistical base began operations on Tuesday, the same day as the 90th birthday of the Chinese People's Liberation Army.
8月1日，中国人民解放军迎来90华诞之际，我国首个海外保障基地开始投入使用。
核安全：nuclear safety
The State Council has approved a plan for nuclear safety and radioactive pollution control.
国务院日前批复了核安全与放射性污染防治规划。
渗透破坏的活动： infiltration and sabotage activities
The president stressed the importance of having a correct understanding of the relationship between "one country" and "two systems." "Any attempt to endanger national sovereignty and security, challenge the power of the central government and the authority of the Basic Law of the HKSAR or use Hong Kong to carry out infiltration and sabotage activities against the mainland is an act that crosses the red line, and is absolutely impermissible," he said.
习近平强调了正确理解“一国”和“两制”之前关系的重要性。“任何危害国家主权安全、挑战中央权力和香港特别行政区基本法权威、利用香港对内地进行渗透破坏的活动，都是对底线的触碰，都是绝不能允许的。” 他说道。
建交：establishment of diplomatic relations
Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi held a meeting in Beijing with Isabel de Saint Malo, Panama's vice president and foreign minister, and they signed a joint communique on the establishment of diplomatic relations.
中国外交部长王毅在北京与巴拿马副总统兼外长德圣马洛举行会谈。会谈后，两国外长签署了两国建立外交关系的联合公报。
户外外交：outdoor diplomacy
Chinese Premier Li Keqiang took a casual harbor walk and watched an exciting Australian football game with his Australian counterpart Malcolm Turnbull on Saturday, extending his outdoor diplomacy to strengthen the ties between the two peoples.
当地时间3月25日，李克强总理与澳大利亚总理特恩布尔在海湾漫步，又一起观看了一场激烈的澳式足球比赛，展现户外外交，增强两国人民之间的联系。
创新全面伙伴关系：innovative comprehensive partnership
Chinese President Xi Jinping and visiting Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu announced in Beijing on Tuesday an innovative comprehensive partnership between both countries.
国家主席习近平与到访的以色列总理内塔尼亚胡21日在北京宣布，双方建立创新全面伙伴关系。
修昔底德陷阱：the Thucydides Trap
金德尔伯格陷阱：the Kindleberger Trap
China and the United States can sidestep the Thucydides Trap and the Kindleberger Trap and jointly chart bilateral ties from a long-term perspective, Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi said Monday in Beijing.
中国外交部部长王毅3月20日表示，中美可以避开“修昔底德陷阱”和“金德尔伯格陷阱”，从长远角度共同规划双边关系。
联合国防治荒漠化公约： the Convention to Combat Desertification
A high-level meeting of the 13th Session of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention to Combat Desertification was held in Ordos from Monday to Wednesday. President Xi Jinping wished the conference a success in a congratulatory letter to the meeting on Monday.
9月11日至9月13日，《联合国防治荒漠化公约》第十三次缔约方大会高级别会议在鄂尔多斯市举行。国家主席习近平于11日发来贺信，预祝大会圆满成功。
长臂管辖权：Long Arm Jurisdiction
When asked whether the United States had threatened reprisals or sanctions on enterprises with links to the DPRK, Geng said China had implemented the UN Security Council's resolutions concerning the DPRK. "China opposes 'long-arm jurisdiction' on foreign enterprises," said Geng, adding that China has made this stance very clear to the United States.
被问及美国是否威胁对与朝鲜有往来的公司采取报复性措施或者制裁时，耿爽表示，中国已经执行安理会涉朝决议。耿爽表示，“中国反对针对外国企业的‘长臂管辖’，”并指出中国已经对美国明确表明立场。
金砖五国”黄金十年”：BRICS golden decade
It is important for BRICS countries to exchange governance experiences as the bloc strives to usher in its second "golden decade", a senior official said on Thursday.
一位高级官员17日表示，由于金砖国家致力于开启第二个"金色十年"，因此对这些国家来说，交流治国理政经验十分重要。
弹劾总统：impeach president
Judges at the country’s constitutional court unanimously upheld Parliament's decision to impeach her over her role in a corruption scandal involving close friend Choi Soon-sil.
韩国宪法法院的法官们一致赞成议会弹劾朴槿惠的决定，她因与密友崔顺实深陷贪腐丑闻而被议会弹劾。
临时限制令：temporary restraining order
District judge James Robart granted a temporary restraining order on Friday after hearing arguments from Washington state and Minnesota that President Donald Trump’s executive order of travel ban had unlawfully discriminated against Muslims and caused unreasonable harm.
地区法官詹姆斯-罗巴特在听取了华盛顿州和明尼苏达州有关特朗普总统有关“旅游禁令 ”的行政令以违法手段对穆斯林构成歧视并造成无理伤害的申辩之后，于2月3日发布了临时性限制令。
英国脱欧白皮书：Brexit White Paper
The British government published Brexit White Paper, an official policy document setting out its plans to bring the UK out of the European Union on Thursday.
英国政府2日发布官方政策性文件，列出了英国脱离欧盟的方案规划。
脱欧谈判：Brexit talk
The first round of Brexit talks will start on Monday, the UK confirmed Thursday.
英国8月15日确认将于19日启动首轮脱欧谈判。
武装对峙：military stand-off
Chinese personnel confirmed via on-site checks that India has withdrawn personnel and equipment from Dong Lang around 2:30 p.m. on Monday, ending a military stand-off which last more than two months.
8月28日下午14时30分许，印方将越界人员和设备全部撤回边界印方一侧，中方现场人员对此进行了确认。至此，为期两个多月的中印紧张武装对峙状态宣告结束。
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